Practice 4
Para 1.The need for a satisfactory education is more important than ever before. Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds of landing that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened. Moreover, one's present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements.
para 2.It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge. The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants, and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds.
para 3.Striving to ome better educated is hardly a new concept. Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge. Working adults have long attended night schools and refresher courses. Competition for employment has been around since the curse of working for a living began. Is the present situation so very different to that of the past?
para 4. The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within. A student at secondary school receiving low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case. Similarly, in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part-time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still. In fact, in these cases, the expectation is for careers to go backwards and earning capacity to take an appreciable nosedive.
para 5.At first glance, the situation would seem to be laudable; a positive response to the exhortation by a former Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, for australia to become the `clever country'. Yet there are serious ramifications according to at least one educational psychologist. Dr Brendan Gatsby has caused some controversy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms `paper'excellence might cause more problems than it is supposed to solve. Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general.
para 6.Firstly, he believes the extra workload involved is resulting in abnormally high stress levels in both students at secondary school and adults studying after working hours. Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a sought_after job are being overlooked by employers interviewing candidates without qualifications on paper. These two areas of concern for the individual are causing physical and emotional stress respectively.
para 7.Gatsby also argues that there are attitudinal changes within society to the exalted role education now plays in determining how the spoils of working life are distributed. Individuals of all ages are being driven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment. There is the danger that some universities are becoming dee factories with an attendant drop in standards. Furthermore, our education system may be rewarding doggedness above creativity; the very thing Australians have been encouraged to avoid.But the most undesirable effect of this academic paper chase, Gatsby says,is the disadvantage that `user pays'higher education confers on the poor, who invariably lose out to the more financially favoured.
para 8.Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby's comments regarding university standards have been roundly criticised as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Australia's education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of any in the world.
TRUE／FALSE／NOT GIVEN
1.It is impossible these days to get a good job without a qualification from a respected institution.2.Most people who upgrade their qualifications do so for the joy of learning.3.In some jobs, the position you hold must be reapplied for.4.Some parents spend extra on their children's education because of the prestige attached to certain schools5.According to the text, students who performed bally at school used to be accepted by their classmates.6.Employees who do not undertake extra study may find their salary decreased by employers.7.Australians appear to have responded to the call by a former Prime Minister to become better qualified.8.Australia's education system is equal to any in the world in the opinion of most educationists.
Answer Keys
1.F 2.F 3.T 4.NG 5.T 6.NG 7.T 8.T
Section 4
参考原文：
Now, turn to Section 4 on page 7.
Section 4, you’re going to hear part of a lecture given at a university. The lecturer is talking to a group of first your students; first, you’ll have some time to look at 31 to 40 on pages 7 and 8. Now, listen carefully and answer question 25 to 30.
Lecturer: Can everybody hear me? Is the microphone working? Good, now, welcome everybody to the second of these lectures on successful study at college. Yesterday, we looked at housekeeping issues. Where to find information, how to use library computer system, and so on. Today, we’re Time Management. And those of you who are interested in doing some extra reading on the subject are very welcome to see me after the lecture as I have a booklet here.
Now, Time Management. In the past, this used to main making list, so as to plan for every hour of the week and then try to stick to this plan. These days, however, the whole idea of managing time has changed. That’s impossible to manage time. To manage time, you need to a clear idea both of what you want to achieve, how to achieve it. Also need to set goals; need to move towards achieving those goals in an effective and systematic way.
In our subject in this college, our school goes mid-semester and at the end of semester, usually involves two written assignments of between 1500 and 3000 words in length, if you work weeks of the term, everyone looks cheerful and focused, followed by week 6, assignment time, people start to look a lot stressed. The library reports the increasing number of students ome angry when books are not available. So, what has happened? Has everybody become irritable and angry for no reason? Why? The reason is people have not, managed well, they have not set priorities for reaching their goals and, as a result, some of them would do badly in their assignment. This will not be because they lack intelligence or love of the subject. They will fail because they did not have a cleaner idea of what they have to do and how long it would take them.
Let’s step back a minute what does it mean establishing goals? Basically, it means deciding what you want to achieve. In other words, deciding on the results that you want to achieve, all the student. That I mentioned before who found themselves very stressed. If they have an assignment to do. But they did not fully think through the effect that this would have on their day-to-day life. There’s an awful lot of spare time in a day. Just think for a moment of all the time that you have badly today. For example, if you had managed to spend some of it even just one hour on an activity that would have helped you with your study. That one-hour could have a major impact in you course. Particularly, if you make it a regular habit.
I’m asking how to have a book at the planners in your information kits. You will set that there are three: One term planner. One weekly planner. One pay planner. The term planner is to help you get an overview of everything that will need to do for the term. The weekly planner is to help you week by week, and the daily planner win help you with detailed planning.
Before we go any further, now I would like you to make a note in your daily planner. I want you to picture how you could make a major difference in your life by spending just one hour a day on some activity for the next term. Background reading, for example, or, preparing a bibliography. Now, imagine end of the term the term diary and the weekly diary are the most important ones. However, a week is really the shortest time you can have to set an overview of your time. Now, you need to set priorities for the term. Look out, how you could achieve those priorities, and the result that you desire, if you can get into the habit of planning like this, you’ll soon find that you’ve actually had more time to spend on relaxation and other activities that you enjoy.
Now, let’s share some of the ideas that you’ve come up with; I’ll divide you up into groups to share your ideas. Okay.
Narrator: That is the end of section 4.You will now have half a minute to check your answers. You now have ten minutes to transfer your answers to the listening sheet.
31-40)全为选择题：
31. 老师讲的是what is the lecture provide? 选：A. extra materials
32. 以前制定时间计划指？选： B plan all the available time
34在的时间计划？选：work systematically
35.学校在期末的要求？ 选：B extensive writing
36.目的？ 选：B get good results
宝宝找到另外的说法：
期末压力大的原因是什么 one sight that student feel press is？ 选： A trouble in library
A .trouble in library B.low attendence C.anger with no reason D. no reason
37.给所有学生？选： A practical materials for planning
38. suggest？选： plan an hour
39.focus on？选： B weeks and terms
40.选：B.plan all the available time
A. make plan every day B.plan all the available time C.more leisure time
